![]() There is reduced volume transmitted by to the bones of the skull to the other ear.īefore performing the Rinne test, it is important to know that in normal hearing, air conduction (AC) that is greater than bone conduction (BC). Bone conduction (BC) allows the vibration sound to be transmitted to the inner ear.Air conduction (AC) uses the apparatus of the ear (eardrum, pinna, and ossicles) to amplify and direct the sound.Air conduction uses the apparatus of the ear (pinna, eardrum and ossicles ) to amplify and direct the sound whereas bone conduction bypasses some or all of these and allows the sound to be transmitted directly to the inner ear albeit at a reduced volume, or via the bones of the skull to the opposite ear. The Rinne test is performed by placing a vibrating tuning fork (512 Hz) initially on the mastoid, then next to the ear and asking which sound is loudest. Hearing loss may occur due to interruption at any point along these pathways. However, sound can also be transmitted via bone conduction where vibrations are transmitted via the skull and delivered directly to the cochlea which is buried within the temporal bone. The cochlea plays an important role in transducing these vibrations into nerve impulses via the auditory nerve (vestibulocochlear nerve) which is then delivered along the central pathways to the auditory cortex where it is processed and perceived as sound. The sound vibrations are then transmitted through the middle ear via the ossicular chain before it reaches the cochlea. The purpose of the outer ear is to direct sounds onto the tympanic membrane. The inner ear: Cochlea (organ of hearing), vestibular labyrinth (organ of balance).The middle ear: Tympanic membrane, ossicular chain (malleus, incus, stapes) and middle ear space. ![]()
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